Resumo A recomendação ética do psicólogo para intervir criticamente sobre a demanda vai de encontro com a tarefa de diagnosticar atos de Alienação Parental e, num sentido amplo, com a judicialização das relações privadas. A genealogia de Foucault consiste num método capaz de lançar luz sobre as práticas de poder na base dos discursos relacionados ao tema da alienação parental. O eufemismo pedagógico empregado para designar as sanções da lei tem como finalidade estratégica o convencimento a respeito de supostos benefícios da tutela sobre as famílias, ao mesmo tempo em que lhes são atribuídas alguma patologia disfuncional. Numa perspectiva crítica, a assimetria de gêneros corresponde às relações de poder presentes no problema da alienação parental. Por fim, a inversão dos critérios de identificação da alienação parental revela o distanciamento entre o ideal normativo e a realidade da ruptura conjugal e familiar, apontando para a importância de práticas de cuidado e assistência em vez de judicativas e punitivas. amplo privadas famílias disfuncional crítica fim familiar punitivas

Resumen La recomendación ética del psicólogo de intervenir críticamente sobre la demanda va en contra de la tarea de diagnosticar actos de Alienación Parental (AP) y, en un sentido amplio, con la judicialización de las relaciones privadas. La genealogía de Foucault consiste en un método capaz de arrojar luz sobre las prácticas del poder a partir de discursos relacionados con el tema de la Alienación Parental. El eufemismo pedagógico que se utiliza para designar las sanciones de la ley tiene el propósito estratégico de convencer sobre los supuestos beneficios de la tutela sobre las familias, atribuyéndoles alguna patología disfuncional. Desde una perspectiva crítica, la asimetría de género corresponde a las relaciones de poder presentes en el problema de la Alienación Parental. Finalmente, la inversión de los criterios de identificación de la Alienación Parental revela la brecha entre el ideal normativo y la realidad de la ruptura conyugal y familiar, señalando la importancia de las prácticas de cuidado y asistencia en lugar de las judicativas y punitivas. AP (AP amplio privadas familias disfuncional crítica Finalmente familiar punitivas

Abstract The psychologist’s ethical recommendation to critically intervene on the demand goes against the task of diagnosing acts of Parental Alienation (AP) and, in a broad sense, with the judicialization of private relations. Foucault’s genealogy consists of a method able to shed on the power practices on the basis of discourses related to the theme of Parental Alienation. The pedagogical euphemism used to designate the sanctions of the law has the strategic purpose of convincing about the supposed benefits of guardianship over families, while attributing some dysfunctional pathology to them. From a critical perspective, gender asymmetry corresponds to the power relations present in the Parental Alienation problem. Finally, the inversion of the Parental Alienation’s identification criteria reveals the gap between the normative ideal and the reality of marital and family disruption, pointing to the importance of care and assistance practices instead of judicative and punitive ones. psychologists psychologist s AP (AP sense Foucaults Foucault families them perspective problem Finally Alienations disruption ones

Abstract Aim: Assess the effect of the performance order in the Concurrent Training (CT), Aerobic-Strength (AS), and Strength-Aerobic (SA), in the static balance, dynamic balance, and muscle strength in elderly people. Methods: The study involved 38 elderly people (men and women) aged 60 to 75 years old, divided into SA (n = 19) and AS (n = 19). Within 12 weeks, the aerobic training consisted of walking with intensity prescribed by the Borg's Rating of Perceived Exertion (6-20) and the strength training consisted of six exercises, with intensity controlled by Repetition Maximum training zones. Static balance (plantar pressure center area and displacement in bipedal support with eyes closed and open), dynamic balance (Timed Up and Go and Tandem Gait), and maximum dynamic strength of knee extension and bench press have been evaluated. For data analysis, Generalized Estimating Equations with Bonferroni's complimentary test have been used (α = 0.05). Results: For static and dynamic balance there hasn't been an effect on the 12 weeks of combined training, regardless of the performance order. Both groups maintained the balance variables within the intervention period. When it comes to strength, there has been a noticeable improvement in lower limbs (SA: 16%; AS: 11%; p < 0,001) and upper (SA: 22.0%; AS: 8.7%; p < 0.001), without any differences between the groups. Conclusion: So there is no difference between the order of performance of the CT in the variables of static and dynamic balance and strength of upper and lower limbs. Furthermore, after training, there have been significant improvements in the variables of strength and maintenance of static and dynamic balance.

O objetivo do presente trabalho é demonstrar a contribuição da psicanálise, em especial a partir das fórmulas quânticas da sexuação, para o debate dos problemas de gênero articulado ao tema da alienação parental e, de modo geral, para os impasses provocados pela judicialização das relações familiares. Para tanto, é feita a revisão bibliográfica de autores que demonstram as articulações e as diferenças entre o método e o discurso da psicanálise, de um lado e de outro, o direito de família. Conclui-se que a psicanálise lança luz sobre a tendência do direito, regido pelo universal do gozo fálico, em repudiar a alteridade e a singularidade inscrito no campo do gozo Outro ou gozo feminino.

Based on the quantic formulas of sexuation, this article describes the contribution of psychoanalysis to the debate of gender issues related to the subject of parental alienation and, in general, to the impasses caused by the judicialization of family relationships. To this end, we perform a literature review of authors who show the relations and differences between the method and the discourse of psychoanalysis on the one hand and, on the other hand, family law. We conclude that psychoanalysis clarifies the tendency of law, governed by the universal of phallic jouissance, to repudiate alterity and singularity inscribed in the field of Other jouissance or feminine jouissance.

El objetivo del presente trabajo es demostrar la contribución del psicoanálisis, especialmente desde las fórmulas cuánticas de la sexuación, al debate de los problemas de género articulados al tema de la alienación parental y, en general, a los sinsabores causados por la judicialización de las relaciones familiares. Para ello, se realiza una revisión bibliográfica de autores que, por un lado, exponen las articulaciones y las diferencias entre el método y el discurso del psicoanálisis, y, por otro lado, el derecho de familia. Se concluye que el psicoanálisis arroja luz sobre la tendencia del derecho, gobernada por lo universal del goce fálico, al repudiar la alteridad y la singularidad inscritas en el campo del goce del Otro o del goce femenino.

L’objectif de ce travail est de montrer l’apport de la psychanalyse, notamment à partir des formules quantiques de la sexuation, au débat des problèmes de genre associé au thème de l’aliénation parentale et, en général, aux impasses provoquées par la judiciarisation des relations familiales. On propose une révision bibliographique des auteurs montrant les articulations et les différences entre la méthode et le discours de la psychanalyse d’un côté et, de l’autre, le droit de la famille. Pour conclure, on affirme que la psychanalyse éclaire la tendance du droit, régi par l’universel de la jouissance phallique, à rejeter l’altérité et la singularité inscrites dans le champ de la jouissance de l’Autre, soit la jouissance féminine.

RESUMO O Plano Global de Eliminação da Filariose Linfática, lançado pela Organização Mundial da Saúde em 2000, propõe o uso de testes de detecção de antígeno circulante filarial como ferramenta diagnóstica para avaliação e monitoramento das ações de controle da parasitose. Entretanto, esses testes, apesar de apresentarem alta sensibilidade, não conseguem detectar com eficiência a infecção em seu estágio inicial, quando ainda não existe a presença de helmintos adultos. Considerando essa limitação, a pesquisa de anticorpos antifilariais tem sido apontada como uma alternativa, uma vez que os anticorpos produzidos contra as larvas infectantes do parasito são detectados antes da presença de antígeno circulante filarial. O objetivo deste estudo foi definir o ponto de corte e avaliar a acurácia do kit Filaria Detect™ IgG4 produzido com o antígeno recombinante Wb123 para diagnóstico da filariose linfática no Brasil. Para isso, foi realizado um estudo de avaliação de teste diagnóstico, no qual foram utilizadas 256 amostras de soro: 79 (30,9%) obtidas de indivíduos microfilarêmicos e 177 (60,1%), de indivíduos amicrofilarêmicos e que testaram negativo para os testes imunológicos Bm14 CELISA e Og4C3 ELISA. A definição do ponto de corte ideal, bem como da acurácia do kit Filaria Detect™ IgG4, foi obtida através da construção de curvas ROC, sendo a densidade óptica de 0,239 aquela na qual o teste obteve melhor desempenho, com sensibilidade de 81,0% e especificidade de 96,6%. Os resultados obtidos demonstraram que o kit Filaria Detect™ IgG4 é uma ferramenta promissora para investigação e monitoramento de áreas submetidas ao tratamento em massa para filariose linfática.

ABSTRACT The Global Programme to Eliminate Lymphatic Filariasis, launched by the World Health Organization in the year 2000, proposes the use of circulating filarial antigen tests as a diagnostic tool to assess and monitor initiatives to control filarial infection. However, despite a high sensitivity, these tests are not efficient to detect infection at early stages, before worms have reached the adult stage. Considering this limitation, anti-filarial antibody testing has been suggested as an alternative, given that the antibodies produced against the larvae are detectable before the presence of circulating filarial antigen. The objective of the present study was to determine the diagnostic cut-off and the accuracy of the Filaria Detect™ IgG4 kit employing recombinant Wb123 antigen for diagnosis of lymphatic filariasis in Brazil. For that, we performed a diagnostic evaluation study in which 256 serum samples were analyzed: 79 (30.9%) obtained from microfilaremic individuals and 177 (60.1%) from amicrofilaremic individuals who tested negative with the Bm14 CELISA and Og4C3 ELISA immunologic tests. The ideal cutoff as well as the Filaria Detect™ IgG4 kit accuracy were determined based on ROC curve analyses, with an optical density of 0.239 identified as the cutoff with the best performance, with 81.0% sensitivity and 96.6% specificity. The results show that the Filaria Detect™ IgG4 kit is a promising tool for investigation and monitoring of areas undergoing mass drug administration for lymphatic filariasis.

RESUMEN En el programa mundial de eliminación de la filariasis linfática, puesto en marcha por la Organización Mundial de la Salud en el año 2000, se propone el uso de pruebas de detección del antígeno filárico circulante como instrumento de diagnóstico para la evaluación y el seguimiento de las medidas de control de la parasitosis. Sin embargo, esas pruebas, a pesar de tener un alto grado de sensibilidad, no permiten detectar con eficiencia la infección en su fase inicial, cuando todavía no existen helmintos adultos. En vista de esa limitación, se ha señalado como una opción el estudio de anticuerpos antifiláricos, puesto que los anticuerpos producidos contra las larvas infectantes del parásito se detectan antes de la existencia de antígeno filárico circulante. El objetivo de este estudio fue definir el punto de corte y evaluar la exactitud del estuche Detect™ para pruebas de anticuerpos antifiláricos IgG4, fabricado con el antígeno recombinante Wb123, para el diagnóstico de la filariasis linfática en Brasil. Para ello, se realizó un estudio de evaluación de la prueba diagnóstica, en el cual se utilizaron 256 muestras de suero, a saber, 79 (30,9%) obtenidas de personas microfilarémicas y 177 (60,1%) de personas amicrofilarémicas, que arrojaron resultados seronegativos en las pruebas inmunológicas CELISA Bm14 y ELISA Og4C3. La definición del punto de corte ideal y de la exactitud del estuche Detect™ se obtuvo con la construcción de curvas de la característica operativa del receptor (ROC); una densidad óptica de 0,239 marcó el mejor nivel de desempeño de la prueba, con una sensibilidad de 81,0% y una especificidad de 96,6%. Los resultados obtenidos demostraron que el estuche Detect™ es un instrumento prometedor para la investigación y el seguimiento de las regiones donde se realiza un tratamiento masivo de la filariasis linfática.

RESUMO: O estudo da noção de trauma é central para a teoria e a clínica psicanalítica desde os seus primórdios. A partir da investigação proposta por Freud a respeito do trauma, foram perfilados caminhos na psicanálise e possíveis desdobramentos para a experiência analítica. Apesar de o tema remeter aos primórdios da psicanálise, o estudo sobre o trauma continua sendo de extrema relevância. Propomos uma articulação entre o trauma e a transmissão, observando que ele não se restringe à geração que o vivenciou, cujos efeitos podem passar para as gerações seguintes.

Abstract: The study of the notion of trauma has been central to psychoanalytic theory and practice since its inception. From the research proposed by Freud on trauma, pathways were outlined in psychoanalysis as well as possible developments for the clinic. Although the theme refers to the beginnings of psychoanalysis itself, the study of trauma remains extremely relevant. We propose a link between the trauma and the transmission, noting that it is not restricted to the generation that experienced it, being able to pass the effects of the traumatic event to the following generations.

The strongyloidiasis is a parasitic disease that poses as a serious public health problem, mainly in tropical and subtropical countries. Over the years, some conditions, such as advances in corticosteroid treatment and immunosuppressive diseases, have improved not only the increase in cases of strongyloidiasis, but also the emergence of severe forms of the disease and / or deaths. For these reasons, the objective of this study is to make a critical analysis of the occurrence of strongyloidiasis in patients with comorbidities, describing clinical and epidemiological characteristics associated with these diseases that can highlight the importance of monitoring this parasitosis in most susceptible groups.

La estrongiloidiasis es una parasitosis que representa un grave problema de salud pública, principalmente en países ubicados en regiones tropicales y subtropicales. A lo largo de los años, algunas condiciones, como por ejemplo, avances en el tratamiento con corticosteroides y enfermedades que evolucionan con inmunosupresión, han favorecido no solamente al aumento de casos de estrongiloidiasis, sino también al surgimiento de formas graves de la enfermedad y/u decesos. Por lo expuesto, el objetivo del presente estudio fue realizar un análisis crítico de la ocurrencia de la estrongiloidiasis en portadores de co-morbilidades, describiendo las características clínico-epidemiológicas de esa asociación que puedan resaltar la importancia de vigilar esta parasitosis en grupos considerados más susceptibles.

ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to investigate the epidemiological characteristics, antigenic profile, perceptions, attitudes and practices of individuals who have been systematically non-compliant in mass drug administration (MDA) campaigns targeting lymphatic filariasis, in the municipality of Olinda, State of Pernambuco, Northeastern Brazil. A pretested questionnaire was used to obtain information on socioenvironmental demographics, perceptions of lymphatic filariasis and MDA, and reasons for systematic noncompliance with treatment. A rapid immunochromatographic test (ICT) was performed during the survey to screen for filariasis. It was found that the survey subjects knew about filariasis and MDA. Filariasis was identified as a disease (86.2%) and 74.4% associated it with the presence of swelling in the legs. About 80% knew about MDA, and the main source of information was healthcare workers (68.3%). For men the main reasons for systematic noncompliance with MDA were that “the individual had not received the medication” (p=0.03) and for women “the individual either feared experiencing adverse reactions”. According to the ICT, the prevalence of lymphatic filariasis was 2%. The most important causes of systematic noncompliance were not receiving the drug and fear of side-effects. For successful implementation of MDA programs, good planning, educational campaigns promoting the benefits of MDA, adoption of measures to minimize the impact of adverse effects and improvement of drug distribution logistics are needed.

ABSTRACT Cottonseed coproducts contain gossypol which can have specific effects upon the male reproductive system. We evaluated the reproductive development of male lambs close to puberty fed on three cotton coproducts. Twenty-four 5-month old male lambs received four diets: 20 % of dry matter intake of whole cottonseed (WCS), high oil cottonseed meal (CSC), cottonseed meal (CSM), and a control group (CTL) without any cottonseed coproducts. Free gossypol intake was 16.32, 6.98, 5.47 and 0 mg kg−1 BW−1 d−1 for WCS, CSC, CSM and CTL, respectively. Every 15 days, the animals were weighted and serum and semen samples were collected. After 95 days, testis samples were collected for analysis under light and transmission electron microscopes. The CTL group had higher testosterone concentrations than CSC at the end of the trial and lower total sperm defects, higher mass movement and higher scores for seminiferous epithelium than other treatments. The WCS and CSC groups showed higher levels of segmental aplasia lesion in sperm than other diets, which showed that high levels of gossypol led to higher occurrence of this lesion. Cottonseed coproducts had a negative impact on the reproductive system of pubertal lambs regardless of gossypol concentration. Therefore, the use of cottonseed coproducts to feed lambs earmarked for reproduction is not safe.

The Global Program for the Elimination of Lymphatic Filariasis (GPELF) aims to eliminate this disease by the year 2020. However, the development of more specific and sensitive tests is important for the success of the GPELF. The present study aimed to standardise polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based systems for the diagnosis of filariasis in serum and urine. Twenty paired biological urine and serum samples from individuals already known to be positive for Wuchereria bancrofti were collected during the day. Conventional PCR and semi-nested PCR assays were optimised. The detection limit of the technique for purified W. bancrofti DNA extracted from adult worms was 10 fg for the internal systems (WbF/Wb2) and 0.1 fg by using semi-nested PCR. The specificity of the primers was confirmed experimentally by amplification of 1 ng of purified genomic DNA from other species of parasites. Evaluation of the paired urine and serum samples by the semi-nested PCR technique indicated only two of the 20 tested individuals were positive, whereas the simple internal PCR system (WbF/Wb2), which has highly promising performance, revealed that all the patients were positive using both samples. This study successfully demonstrated the possibility of using the PCR technique on urine for the diagnosis of W. bancrofti infection.

Introduction Since the launch of the Global Programme to Eliminate Lymphatic Filariasis, more than 70% of the endemic countries have implemented mass drug administration (MDA) to interrupt disease transmission. The monitoring of filarial infection in sentinel populations, particularly schoolchildren, is recommended to assess the impact of MDA. A key issue is choosing the appropriate tools for these initial assessments (to define the best intervention) and for monitoring transmission. Methods This study compared the pre-MDA performance of five diagnostic methods, namely, thick film test, Knott's technique, filtration, Og4C3-ELISA, and the AD12-ICT card test, in schoolchildren from Brazil. Venous and capillary blood samples were collected between 11 pm and 1 am. The microfilarial loads were analyzed with a negative binomial regression, and the prevalence and associated 95% confidence intervals were estimated for all methods. The accuracies of the AD12-ICT card and Og4C3-ELISA tests were assessed against the combination of parasitological test results. Results A total of 805 schoolchildren were examined. The overall and stratified prevalence by age group and gender detected by Og4C3-ELISA and AD12-ICT were markedly higher than the prevalence estimated by the parasitological methods. The sensitivity of the AD12-ICT card and Og4C3-ELISA tests was approximately 100%, and the positive likelihood ratios were above 6. The specificity of the Og4C3-ELISA was higher than that of the AD12-ICT at different prevalence levels. Conclusions The ICT card test should be the recommended tool for monitoring school-age populations living in areas with ongoing or completed MDA.

OBJETIVO: Descrever a prevalência de infecção filarial e de parasitoses intestinais em escolares numa área endêmica de filariose e refletir sobre a opção terapêutica utilizada no Brasil no tratamento coletivo para filariose. MÉTODOS: Estudo transversal envolvendo 508 alunos na faixa etária de 5-18 anos cadastrados em escolas públicas do município de Olinda-PE. Realizou-se a investigação da parasitose intestinal em três amostras de fezes, analisadas pelo método de Hoffmann, Pons e Janer. A investigação filarial foi feita com teste antigênico pela técnica de imunocromatográfica rápida (ICT) e pesquisa de microfilárias, utilizando filtração em membrana de policarbonato. Para análise de dados utilizou-se a estatística descritiva através do programa EpiInfo versão 7. RESULTADOS: A prevalência de filariose por ICT foi de 13,8% e por microfilaremia de 1,2%, enquanto a de parasitoses intestinais foi 64,2%. A concomitância do diagnóstico filarial e de parasitoses intestinais foi de 9,4% e, 31,5% eram isentos de ambas as parasitoses. Entre os indivíduos com parasitoses intestinais, 55% eram monoparasitados e 45% poliparasitados. A presença de geohelmintos ocorreu em 72,5% dos parasitados. No grupo com infecção filarial a ocorrência de geohelmintíase foi de 54,5%. CONCLUSÕES: O diagnóstico simultâneo de infecção filarial e parasitose intestinal, bem como a elevada frequência de geohelmintos justificam uma reavaliação da estratégia terapêutica do tratamento coletivo no programa de filariose no Brasil.

OBJECTIVE: To report the prevalence of lymphatic filariasis and intestinal parasitic infections in school-aged children living in a filariasis endemic area and discuss about the therapeutic regimen adopted in Brazil for the large-scale treatment of filariasis. METHODS: A cross-sectional study including 508 students aged 5-18 years old, enrolled in public schools within the city of Olinda, Pernambuco. The presence of intestinal parasites was analyzed using the Hoffman, Pons and Janer method on 3 stool samples. The diagnosis of filarial infection was performed using the rapid immunochromatographic technique (ICT) for the antigen, and the polycarbonate membrane filtration for the presence of microfilariae. Descriptive statistics of the data was performed using EpiInfo version 7. RESULTS: The prevalence of filariasis was 13.8% by ICT and 1.2% by microfilaraemia, while intestinal parasites were detected in 64.2% of cases. Concurrent diagnosis of filariasis and intestinal parasites was 9.4%, while 31.5% of students were parasite-free. Among individuals with intestinal parasites, 55% had one parasite and 45% had more than one parasite. Geohelminths occurred in 72.5% of the parasited individuals. In the group with filarial infection the prevalence of soil-transmitted helminthiasis was 54.5%. CONCLUSIONS: The simultaneous diagnosis of filariasis and intestinal parasites as well as the high frequency of geohelminths justify the need to reevaluate the treatment strategy used in the Brazilian filariasis large-scale treatment program.

O objetivo desse estudo foi avaliar se há diferença da evolução na reabilitação dos indivíduos submetidos à reconstrução do LCA através das técnicas osso-tendão patelar-osso ou enxerto quádruplo do semitendíneo e grácil através de uma revisão da literatura. Utilizaram-se as bases de dados eletrônicas: MEDLINE, EMBASE, LILACS, COCHRANE e PEDro. Os critérios de inclusão foram: ensaio clínico randomizado e aleatório com ou sem metanálise; participantes com lesão do LCA associada ou não a lesão meniscal e que foram submetidos à ligamentoplastia e à reabilitação fisioterapêutica; intervenção cirúrgica através das técnicas de reconstrução osso-tendão patelar-osso ou enxerto quádruplo do semitendíneo e grácil; ensaios clínicos que comparem a diferença da evolução na recuperação funcional; estudos publicados nos idiomas: português, inglês e espanhol, no período de 1997 a junho de 2011. Foram encontrados cinco ensaios clínicos que preenchessem os critérios de inclusão. Não foram observadas diferenças clínicas e funcionais entre as técnicas, porém, com recomendação para uma reabilitação menos agressiva e com maior atenção no fortalecimento dos isquiotibiais quando estes são utilizados como enxerto.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the existence of differences in the rehabilitation of patients after ACL reconstruction using bone-patellar tendon-bone graft and the four-strand semitendinosus and gracilis tendon grafts, through a literature revision. The researched databases were MEDLINE, EMBASE, LILACS, COCHRANE and PEDro. The inclusion criteria were published studies with methodology draw from randomized clinical trials with or without meta-analysis, individuals with ACL injury, associated or not to meniscal injury, submitted to ligamentoplasty using the bone-patellar tendon-bone graft and the four-strand semitendinosus and gracilis tendon grafts and physiotherapy; clinical trials comparing the differences in the rehabilitation of these patients, in Portuguese, English and Spanish, from 1990 to June, 2011. Five clinical trials were reviewed. No difference was observed between the techniques, however, with a recommendation for a less aggressive rehabilitation and greater attention to the strengthening of the hamstring when they are used as grafts.

CONTEXTO E OBJETIVO: Estudos prévios sugerem que a ocorrência de gravidez simultaneamente com o diagnóstico de câncer de mama pode afetar a evolução da neoplasia. O presente estudo objetivou comparar pacientes com câncer de mama associado à gravidez (PABC) e pacientes com câncer não grávidas (controles) com relação ao tempo decorrido até o diagnóstico de câncer, características tumorais e mortalidade. TIPO DE ESTUDO E LOCAL: Estudo retrospectivo, tipo caso-controle pareado, foi conduzido no Hospital da Santa Casa de Misericórdia e Centro de Quimioterapia Antiblástica e Imunoterapia em Belo Horizonte, Brasil. MÉTODOS: O estudo envolveu 87 pacientes PABC e 252 controles. A influência das covariáveis (intervalo entre os primeiros sintomas e diagnóstico, histologia do tumor, tamanho do tumor primário, metástase a distância, grau de malignidade, dosagem de receptor hormonal e acometimento dos linfonodos axilares) e da variável gravidez sobre a sobrevida global foram avaliados através de análises univariada e multivariada. RESULTADOS: A mediana da sobrevida global para as pacientes PABC de 30,1 meses (intervalo de confiança, IC 95%: 19,4-40,9 meses) foi significativamente (P = 0,005) diferente daquela dos controles (53,1 meses; IC 95%: 35,1-71,0 meses). A sobrevida global acumulada após 5 e 10 anos foi 29,7 e 19,2% no grupo PABC e 47,3 e 34,8% nos controles. Tamanho do tumor, grau de malignidade, metástase a distância e gravidez foram fatores independentes e significativamente condicionantes do prognóstico da doença. CONCLUSÕES: A gravidez foi um fator independente para o prognóstico da doença. A sobrevida global das pacientes PABC foi mais curta do que aquela dos controles.

CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE: Previous studies have suggested that the occurrence of pregnancy concomitantly with a diagnosis of breast cancer may affect the evolution of the neoplasia. The present study aimed to compare pregnancy-associated breast cancer (PABC) patients with non-pregnant cancer patients (controls) in relation to the time taken to diagnose the disease, tumor characteristics and mortality. DESIGN AND SETTING: A retrospective, paired case-control study was conducted at the Hospital da Santa Casa de Misericórdia and Centro de Quimioterapia Antiblástica e Imunoterapia in Belo Horizonte, Brazil. METHODS: The study involved 87 PABC and 252 control patients. The influence of covariables (interval between first symptoms and diagnosis, tumor histology, size of primary tumor, distant metastasis, grade of malignancy, hormone receptor status and axillary lymph node involvement) and the pregnancy variable on overall survival was investigated using univariate and multivariate analyses. RESULTS: The median overall survival for PABC patients of 30.1 months (95% confidence interval, CI: 19.4-40.9 months) was significantly different (P = 0.005) from that of the control group (53.1 months; 95% CI: 35.1-71.0 months). The cumulative overall survivals after five and ten years were, respectively, 29.7 and 19.2% for PABC patients, and 47.3 and 34.8% for control patients (P = 0.005). Tumor size, grade of malignancy, distant metastasis and pregnancy were independent factors that significantly modified disease prognosis. CONCLUSIONS: Pregnancy was an independent prognostic factor. The overall survival of PABC patients was shorter than that of non-pregnant patients.

A paniculite mesentérica representa um processo inflamatório do mesentério de ocorrência rara e etiologia desconhecida, que apenas em alguns poucos casos pode se manifestar sob a forma de pseudotumores abdominais. Descreve-se, enfatizando os aspectos tomográficos, um raro caso de paniculite mesentérica que se apresentou inicialmente como um pseudotumor que envolvia a região peripancreática.

Mesenteric panniculitis is a rare inflammatory process of the mesentery whose etiology is unknown that in only very few cases may present as an abdominal pseudotumor. The authors report a rare case, emphasizing the tomographic findings of mesenteric panniculitis that initially presented as a pseudotumor involving the peripancreatic region.

INTRODUÇÃO: A superexpressão de HER-2/neu tem sido testada por imunoistoquímica como um método seguro e de baixo custo para selecionar pacientes com carcinoma mamário invasivo (CMI) para tratamento com trastuzumab, entretanto não há consenso sobre qual o melhor anticorpo a ser utilizado. O objetivo deste trabalho foi testar cinco diferentes anticorpos para determinar a superexpressão do HER-2/neu em CMI. MATERIAL E MÉTODOS: Sessenta e seis casos de CMI fixados em formalina e incluídos em parafina foram submetidos a imunoistoquímica, utilizando-se dois anticorpos policlonais: HercepTestTM (Dako) e A0485 (Dako), e três anticorpos monoclonais: CB11 de Novocastra Laboratories e da Biogenex e 4D5 (Genentech). Todas as reações imunoistoquímicas foram interpretadas de acordo com as instruções do HercepTestTM. RESULTADOS: O A0485 foi positivo em 25/66 casos (37,9%). O HercepTestTM foi positivo em 14/66 casos (21,2%). Houve concordância integral nos casos corados com CB11 de ambos os fabricantes: 9/66 (13,7%). O 4D5 foi positivo em somente 4/66 casos (6,1%). Todos os casos positivos para CB11 e 4D5 foram positivos para o HercepTestTM. Todos os casos HercepTestTM foram positivos para o A0485. A maioria dos casos 2+ para o HercepTestTM e A0485 foi negativa com os outros anticorpos. DISCUSSÃO: Houve maior incidência de superexpressão do HER-2/neu com o HercepTestTM e o A0485 do que com os anticorpos monoclonais, principalmente nos casos classificados como 2+. Não houve diferença na imunorreatividade usando-se o anticorpo CB11 dos dois diferentes fabricantes. CONCLUSÃO: O uso clínico da imunoistoquímica para determinar a superexpressão do HER-2/neu necessita ainda de validações prospectivas.

INTRODUCTION: HER-2/neu overexpression has been tested using immunohistochemistry as a reliable and cost-effective method to select patients with invasive mammary carcinomas (IMC) for trastuzumab treatment, but there is no consensus regarding the best antibody to be used. The aim of the present study was to test five different antibodies for determining the status of HER-2/neu overexpression in IMC. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Sixty-six formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded IMC were investigated by immunohistochemistry, using two polyclonal antibodies, HercepTestTM (Dako) and A0485 (Dako), and three monoclonal antibodies, the clone CB11, from both Novocastra Laboratories and from Biogenex, and the clone 4D5 (Genentech). All immunostainings were scored according to the guidelines for the HercepTestTM. RESULTS: The A0485 was positive in 25 cases (37.9%). The HercepTestTM was positive in 14/66 cases (21.2%). Both CB11 antibodies yielded a positive reaction in the same nine patients (13.6%). The 4D5 was positive in only 4/66 cases (6.1%). All positive cases for CB11 or 4D5 were HercepTestTMpositive. All cases positive for HercepTestTM were positive for A0485. Most of the HercepTestTM and A0485 2+ cases were negative when using the other antibodies. DISCUSSION: There was a higher number of cases presenting HER-2/neu positivity with the A0485 and HercepTestTM than with the other antibodies, primarily in cases scored as 2+. There was no difference in positivity when the CB11Ab was used, regardless of company. CONCLUSION: The use of immunohistochemistry for the clinical assessment of HER-2/neu overexpression still needs prospective validation.